As temperatures across the country continue to soar, touching nearly 48°C in several regions, doctors are warning that not only obese or unfit individuals, but also extremely slim and underweight people face serious health risks during heatwaves. Experts say low body fat, dehydration, poor nutrition, and reduced muscle mass can make thin individuals more vulnerable to heat exhaustion and heatstroke.
Why slim people may face higher heatwave risk:
• Lower energy reserves in the body
• Reduced electrolyte storage• Less muscle mass
• Lower blood volume
• Poor heat tolerance
During extreme heat, the body depends on sweating and blood circulation to cool itself. If fluid and nutrient reserves are low, dehydration and exhaustion can occur much faster.
Why body fat and muscles matter:
Doctors say a healthy amount of body fat helps regulate temperature, maintain hydration, and store energy during stressful weather conditions. Muscle mass also plays a major role in circulation and metabolism. People with very low muscle mass — including crash dieters, elderly adults, or those with eating disorders — may struggle more in prolonged heat exposure.
Common heat-related problems in slim individuals:
• Weakness and fatigue
• Dizziness
• Low blood pressure
• Fainting episodes
• Muscle cramps
• Rapid heartbeat
• Confusion or brain fog
• Nausea and dark urine
In severe cases, these symptoms can progress into heatstroke, a life-threatening condition where body temperature rises dangerously high.
Elderly slim adults are at greater risk:
Health experts warn that naturally thin or frail elderly people are especially vulnerable because aging reduces the body’s ability to regulate temperature. Reduced thirst sensation, chronic illnesses, medication-related dehydration, and low muscle mass further increase the danger during heatwaves.
How to stay safe during extreme heat:
• Drink water regularly, even before feeling thirsty
• Eat balanced meals rich in electrolytes and protein
• Avoid extreme dieting during hot weather
• Stay indoors during peak afternoon hours
• Wear lightweight cotton clothes
• Watch for signs like dizziness, weakness, or confusion and seek medical help if needed